Abstract: The German In order to meet the needs of social and economic development, to constantly adjust the German vocational education law, in particular the 2005 amendments to the This paper describes the development of vocational education in the German corporate history, interpretation of the law of other relevant laws and regulations. Analysis of local vocational education enterprises in promoting the development of the role assumed, for China to promote the development of vocational education by significance.
Keywords: Vocational Education Act; school-enterprise cooperation; In vocational education the status and role which the development of vocational education in China has important reference value.
an enterprise as a statutory body of the history of vocational education
2005 年 3 months, Germany adopted the revised The Act provides for the first four forms of vocational education: career preparation education, vocational primary education, vocational education and vocational training diverted to education. Among them, the professional access to primary education is designed to help young people to engage in a vocational qualification recognized by the state, is the main part of vocational education, is the legal norms of the main object is the focus of this article.
mainly German Tracing the source, the enterprise as a modern vocational education in Germany, In German history, the lines of similar enterprises in the overall interests of security and long-term development, particularly in the training of professional reserve force has played a vital role. Craft guilds statute from In the handicraft business, the young man in the master (usually the owner) for several years under the guidance of learning skills, while also completed most of the socialization process. Personnel training requirements of industry reflects the comprehensive and practical features. It was not until modern times, a large industrial development requires a lot of skilled workers, master train an apprentice as a main form of vocational education gradually came into being in training for vocational schools, workshops and a combination of vocational education. The specialized vocational education 1845, promulgated the capacity.
enterprises to develop vocational education is for their own need for sustainable development: the line will promote and manage vocational education is of similar enterprises in order to protect the overall interests of long-term development of national economy; As for the schools to participate in vocational education was mainly a manifestation of national will, is to universal education, the basic quality of the whole nation. German Empire in 1883 issued regulations to promote the business culture of the original tutorial school for young apprentices to carry out compulsory education. These vocational schools set up by apprentices learned classes, basic education during the culture but also taught vocational theoretical knowledge, and gradually formed a professional school, such as the Polytechnic, mapping schools, commercial schools, to meet the needs of various industries. 1920. Provisions of the Weimar Republic such schools collectively referred to as 1938, promulgated the From the beginning of 1949, in the former Federal Germany, the vocational school to become a statutory commitment to compulsory education, juvenile institutions,cheap UGG boots, vocational primary education to become another
under the federal In order to promote vocational education to adapt to post-war economic miracle development, especially around the enterprise is to protect the coordination of vocational education and professionals of the trans-regional mobility, the federal government in 1969 enacted the system The law, In 2005, new Education place of study in cooperation between the vocational education activities. The enterprise and across enterprises is federal vocational education
Second, the flexibility of law enforcement to encourage more enterprises to take responsibility for vocational education is practiced in Germany
twelve years of compulsory education, according to the federal Education Contract (also translated as About 60% of peers after graduating from high school to enter the vocational education system, which covers about 1 / 3 has been a direct student of the eligible higher education institutions [2]. In recent years the study provide sufficient, up to 19 million people in 2007 had enrolled in full-time vocational education institutions. Under the new award, solve the problem.
new companies can recruit apprentices and vocational education. However, in order to promote vocational education to carry out the wishes of education no qualified enterprises, especially in emerging technology enterprises involved in vocational education, the law added to promote enterprise and vocational school vocational education in terms of cooperation, but also encourage enterprises with different educational conditions cooperation with vocational education. Since since May 2003, the federal government released Eliminating the initial teacher training qualification certificate issued by the relevant obligations [3]. Of course, still have to go to the appropriate industry associations filing the registration of these vocational education contracts, and accept the association and its responsible for the supervision and inquiry in order to ensure the quality of education.
business and educated in education and their parents sign a (1) Vocational education: vocational education in accordance with the objectives and requirements, in the personality,Bailey UGG boots, the healthy moral and physical development; to the educated to meet the requirements of the Vocational Education issued a written proof.
(2) outside the enterprise with the vocational education: for the educated to participate in vocational education and free mid-term exam, final exam required school supplies, especially the tools and materials; urged the educated to participate in vocational schools completed his study and examine the relevant studies undertaken; arrangements educated full-time vocational schools and vocational education activities outside of school and exams.
(3) provide jobs and compensation: the educated work arrangements to meet the objectives of vocational education and physical fitness for the educated; in accordance with the relevant provisions of the appropriate remuneration for the educated or in-kind compensation (including During the full-time study or personal reasons can not perform its contract of Education), and overtime benefits.
more commitment to promote corporate responsibility for vocational education, Germany's leading art awards and not to punish the backward strategy. 60-70 years of last century, the former Federal Republic of Germany for the first time through the However, due to the promulgation of the Act and the adjustment measures taken by the Government of vocational education supply and demand caused by the slightly improved. The proposal was not adopted [4]. In 1970, when supply and demand of vocational education tense again, the parties agree on: When companies provide vocational education to learn the location in the aggregate 12.5% less than the number of job seekers, it will be a Thus, for most businesses, if their apprentice training required for new employees less than their 12.5%, it means that the company's contribution to the lack of vocational education. It is said that in 1990, some large enterprises in promoting development of vocational education
In fact, the Now, in addition to public affairs agencies, freelance institutions, there are 640,000 enterprises to provide vocational education, and most Shoujiaoyuzhe after the completion of primary education, vocational education are to remain in business, or institutions to continue to work. German business managers know: the employment experiences of vocational education is not a stranger. Risk may far exceed the cost of their own organizations, vocational education, vocational education is equivalent to choose their own development as a back-up personnel.
III and leading enterprises to participate in the management of vocational education and examination process
in Germany, the company and the student contract is entered into vocational education constitutes a dual system of and basis. Education Enterprise is the main body of vocational education, career in about 3 years of primary education, the educated subject to 3-4 days a week business training. Bu 2 days remaining to the learning culture and basic vocational schools theoretical knowledge. see, business is the main bearer of vocational education, vocational education at all levels of administration is a major player, playing the role of leading.
Germany, (such as handicraft associations,UGG boots, business associations, agricultural associations) and free professional associations (such as the Bar Association, Association of Auditors, Veterinary Association) and other relevant vocational education is composed of key members of local authorities to oversee, review and assessment of vocational education corresponding activities. To promote area development of vocational education, the local line will set up a Vocational Education Committee. Its members include the employer representatives, employee representatives and vocational schools on behalf of the six, and teacher representatives, only the recommendations of the right to vote. state government set up state Vocational Education Committee, by employers, employees and the Government equal number of representatives for the state vocational education to the state government to provide advice, promote vocational schools and education companies, cross-enterprise educational institutions. at the federal level, the federal Occupational Education, vocational education in addition to organization of scientific research activities, but also participated in the drafting of relevant laws and regulations (such as which the competent committee by the employers, labor, state representatives of the eight and five federal representatives; competent committees under the Working Committee members also come from the Quartet. from corporate employers and employee representatives in the vocational education management system has a pivotal position , plays a central role of their different interests within the enterprise as a representative of the Group are in conflict, but in promoting enterprise and overall economic development, interest is the same.
in Germany, the vocational qualifications is to protect the decisive factor in career development, vocational qualification examination is to test the outcome of the legal professional approach to primary education. Prior to that, to accept the exam eligibility restrictions, cooperation between the different learning locations to ensure that the appropriate ratio of professional practice training. less pressure to learn the location of expediency. can be seen, the lack of complete and systematic training in the vocational education enterprise within a certain period only alternative form. vocational qualification examination chaired by the industry associations, including the mid-term examinations and final examination. trade association set up test The Committee, comprising an equal number of representatives of employers and employees. and at least one vocational school teacher representatives, including business representatives of both employers and employees must take 2 / 3 of the places, because only the final assessment of business representatives to whether the practice of vocational education needs.
four, are far from. In order to facilitate vocational education institutions all over the coordination of teaching activities, to facilitate vocational qualifications can be economic, commercial and industrial sectors is widely recognized, the federal the regulations published in the form recognized by the State Education and Careers (national recognition in 2007 amounting to approximately 350 vocational education). around which the teaching profession to develop the appropriate section). At the same time. State Ministry of Culture and Education in accordance with national recognition of vocational education in vocational schools to formulate and promulgate relevant professional teaching program. in the state vocational school curricula based on the teaching plan, the state minister of joint cultural and educational consultation to determine the appropriate Plan Institute of Education under the State Council, in consultation with the Chief of the legislative process instead of the original, consult the Ministry of Culture and Education New State Professional and support teaching requirements. Since 2000, the new vocational education from 26 to update the 76
issued under the new comprehensive knowledge and skills), organizational framework program of teaching (teaching content and timing). and the corresponding test requirements, are clearly defined.
the mid 90s of last century, states Minister of Culture and Education to determine joint based on the electronic and mechanical occupations of the and a certain amount of study time: different professional teaching plan contains 10 to 20 the number of learning areas, ranging from [6], provides the specific arrangements and strict.
Education on the content and timing,UGG boots cheap, giving up the theme of the past around the modular form of technical education and replace them with professional work according to the requirements of the typical organization of teaching activities, the most prominent is the refinement of technical education is no longer required, but allowing local education enterprise reference the systematic teaching of action-oriented requirements. This, by contrast, It should be noted that in Germany, respect, focus for the industry's needs, in particular the implementation of vocational schools in-depth action-oriented teaching concept, the two sides complement each other and jointly promote the educated / students completing typical tasks, through a complete professional action, build the appropriate professional experience and knowledge of the process, a career mobility [7].
No comments:
Post a Comment