Reprinted Forward fourteen is quite accurate psychological hint

 Forward: Fourteen children are potential psychological implications

1, when something you believe in holding the ten thousand percent, it finally will become reality.
2, Law
expect expect law tells us that when we, with expectations of something very strong, we expect things will appear.
3, Law
emotional mood law tells us that one hundred percent emotional. Even if someone says a person is rational, in fact, when this person is So one hundred percent is emotional, animal, and any time decisions are emotional decisions.
4, causal laws
Whatever happens, happens, has its inevitable reasons. Are due to have fruit. In other words, when you see any phenomenon, you can not understand or do not feel strange, because everything must have its reasons for the occurrence of both. The results of your situation today is because of your past planted a result.
5, the law of attraction when you thought
focus on a particular area, when people associated with this area, and things will be attracted to you.
6, repeat any of the acts and laws
thinking, as long as you keep repeating it will be continuously strengthened. In your subconscious, as long as you can constantly repeat some people and things, they will become a reality in the subconscious.
7, cumulative set
law do something many young people have dreams of big business, in fact, and not much to do around the world, there are only trivial. A trivial matter accumulated to form a big deal. Or any major achievements are the cumulative result of a major disaster.
8, radiation law
when you do something when the impact is not just the matter itself, it will radiate into other related areas. Anything radiation.
9, the relevant laws
relevant law tells us: this world everything has a definite link between, nothing is completely independent. Best to solve a problem somewhere from the other staff, not just focus on a difficult point.
10,
Law Specialization Specialization law tells us only that specialization in one area can be developed in this field. So whether you have to do any of the industry to do the industry's top target, and only when you can specialization, you will excel in areas do grow.
11, 替换 Dinglv
Tihuandinglv that is, when we have an unwanted habits or negative memories, we can not completely removed, only with a new memory or a new habit to replace him.
12,
law of inertia can be anything as long as you continued to strengthen it, it will eventually become a habit.
13, appeared Law Law
appeared to say, when we continue to look for the answer, when asked, they will eventually appear.
14, the law of demand
anyone to do anything is with a demand. Respect and meet the needs of each other, others will respect our needs
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Look at the junior high school photo bitter life

 Some people say that life is suffering down , the children cried and came into the world is the best proof. He foresaw the future of the bitter , childhood spoon-feeding education , youth channel of loneliness, the difficult battles of youth when , middle-aged breadwinners sweat , there are untold emptiness in old age .
life, always like the happiest time of change in the most glorious face , one second you're still the darling of God , the next second you have to face its dark black face , to accept the storm encouragement. Although the day will drop any in he died , but how many he died in the suffering of their mind , when the workers of their bones have become dead ? Not without talent , maybe just not opportunities. Not all attachments can usher in the insistence of the blossoms , Bruno have mastered the truth is the raging fire .
life, always full of so much frustration. The ancients knew , people have sorrow and joy , month also wanes . Although there will be rainbow after the storm , there will be dawn after darkness , pressure will have power, but that also you have the courage to fight against wind and rain , waiting for the dawn of the patient , and withstood the pressure of the backbone. Ten unhappy in life , when the children grow into adults, the innocence in his eyes destined to be secular to render turbid . If you can not accept this society , then he will be be eliminated , it is the law of the jungle is the law of society .
life bitter , bitter life, but since the birth , there is no escape option. Because we have had happiness , then, in order to keep the joy , the preservation of this happiness, we must make what is it , or give up. We all bear responsibility , there is no reason to escape.
We like tea , because that kind of bitterness in the faint scent , I like coffee, because it has a touch of warm and bitter , our life in the bitter struggle , because it contains life and love us we love People of hope.

Gossip Guo Jingjing, who practice a big belly ( reprint )

 In recent days, the media and in the stir-fried Guo Jingjing. This time is not to say she told reporters diva temper, but said she was going to leave the national team. The reason is found in a routine physical examination she has cherished for several months pregnant, and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the national diving team, she continues to stay at the possibility of the national diving team is almost impossible. Love the diving the people know, after Guo Jingjing is the second new diving queen Fu Mingxia; addition to single Olympic champion, all she won the world championship. We are looking forward to the Olympic Games held in Beijing in 2008, Guo Jingjing will achieve her final goal, and let those of us who love her and then moved in front of the TV for a good return. However, we hope this little bit pregnant with Guo Jingjing will burst. Heard the news I do not actually angry when starting from the heart: where happy. I wish this golden couple can come together, I silently prayed. But in the end they broke up. more painful than my lost love's uncomfortable for a while, and later because the shot heard Tian Liang Advertising fired the national team, I am not only sorry for Tian Liang, as well as profoundly dissatisfied with our diving team. not that shoot a commercial? Yao Ming is not in the United States took a lot of ads? not see Yao Ming, therefore reduction in the level or been removed from the Rockets? Is Fok it? In fact, Guo Jingjing, who is to get a big belly is not important. Guo Jingjing's belly is big what should not be surprising thing. Guo Jingjing is a diver, she is a woman, a twenty-five years old woman, a woman will fade. Young woman with geometric? Forties entered the menopause, it is difficult to Guo Jingjing to sports to sex before menopause it? Is it to sports, to Guo Jingjing Fu Mingxia step she followed the line of duty, no one would think much of the old could only marry a man twice older Hong Kong tycoon? Guo Jingjing beautiful, intelligent, pleasant. He stayed with her boyfriend and what happens if you do not is certainly not normal. If something happened, then the pregnancy is inevitable. Do you want to have twenty-year-old Guo Jingjing, if not dedicated to sports, there are several twenty-year-old woman was a virgin? Confucius says: Are we going to Guo Jingjing kept her boyfriend, said: . It seems the rules and regulations is a problem with diving team, is the national sports system has a problem. I think that our country's sports, can not be a little more humane? I saw that disgusting Ma Junren to Wang Jun to a blind person into a androgynous; Chinese Women level up a few years ago, but that what the fifty-Ha, right up to now almost no married; Lang Ping is married married, and divorced a few years. I do not know that sports officials in addition to taking performance, and they are not also have the destiny of these athletes think about personal life.

Colored house wife , a man on the outside is not up to color

 Me on the sofa watching TV, his wife wrapped in a towel to sit on my lap, customs million, said: , uncle had no money with me today! ?
2, my wife with one hand hold the chin, provocative and said: some respect, a small woman entertainer I only sell their bodies!
3, I bath in bed reading, and his wife from the bathroom of a Ehupushi my pressure in the body, face grim, said: I do not see from his wife, instead gently said: too dirty for years did not open it!
4, my wife asked me: count?
5, accompany clients to KTV night home late, just joined the family that his wife slept, and then crept to the bathroom shower. Just stripped naked, his wife suddenly appeared, sharply cried: sound, touch hand to live my jj: She did not sleep is to a Bansu this?
6, wife and like all good things, including the handsome boys & girls, the greatest pleasure to accompany my wife shopping around is that she will give me collecting handsome boys & girls for viewing. A worn out, and we sat before the window of Starbucks, enjoy the beautiful River line. His wife enjoy the side edge peering innocently asked me: ah? Does not that cheap that pervert it? ! They would also like to sleep, you can not scrap it me?


7, once made a small fortune, returned home to his wife fling toward the envelope: , holding the envelope Dian Ledian, hugged me,
8, his wife has breathing problems cool to the hiccups. One day into the evening rush home to a hiccup, I asked with concern: woman, and not the proceeds of small woman, had Hexibeifeng it! Start with a pretty wife, but an abrupt end to a critical moment: to facilitate it!
9, a Saturday, my wife normal rest, I have to work overtime. Stalker guy up in the morning and I had some lingering, and then contented to sleep, full of tired and I have to go to the company. Hello I was going out with her bedroom, his wife behind to the sentence: Come on! tonight to come!
10, when my wife and I love the University, when girls can enter the male dormitory, boys are not allowed to enter women's dormitory. A late autumn night, I provoke angry wife, leaving his wife back to my dormitory. Was no cell phone, his wife live in the third floor, I shouted downstairs to her apology. Cried a long time have not seen results, but more and more people crowd. Seeing lights, and his wife from the window to let her roommates threw her down quilt (quilt from me, I know), I see a bad situation, quickly shouted: know no more below, it brings the full floor laughing. Heroes do not eat immediate loss, I quickly ran back to quarters, covered her quilt was owned Hong Qiu a night. I did not wake up the next morning, my wife stood in front of me pull out a quilt to my flat from a meal: ah ~~~~~~ You think I want it!
11, exceptionally cold winter one year, one weekend my wife and I to the park to play. See a lot of people in the lake ice skating, so I invited my wife and I go ski with his wife did not dare. To prove the solid ice, I went to the ice before setting an example to play around and see his wife itch mind straight, eager to finally have the idea. I'm from the center of the lake to the shore to pick her up, off-shore there is a meter, I have no proof to even more dangerous, I also jump leaps, the results just listen to Fortunately shore shallow water only Yandao my waist, his wife scream scared the verge of tears. I went to great lengths to get out from the mud, nothing in ensuring that the whole person I am, after his wife was seriously asked me: also visit the small things is a polar bear!
12, one afternoon, I was working, suddenly my wife received a call, very anxious look: dropped the work at hand rushed to the scene. His wife are in their forties and a half old women dwell, semi-old woman's dollars, said the meal good things, the old woman was very pleased I am exalted, Lehe Lehe drove away. I asked his wife: How much compensation to people, afraid of being cheated, and had called you myself! ~~~~~~ This is also called butt out? Wrong with you when this lust will change the change?
13, his wife has been of particular interest to my little nipples, often at night they sleep Nianzhe. One time, my wife asked me: Wife giggle at me Oh, I casually said: to decorative! how a dotted line? look good?
14, one night I played computer games, my wife behind me haunt me play with her, I am not from her on the side below the belt, while the display is closed, while pulling the mouse interface, while I was overwhelmed time, secretly removed the chair behind me. Kitchen fire at this time the water was opened, my wife went bouncing down water, my heart barely disguised pleasure, can be considered to get rid of this scourge of the. Unexpectedly, Queer, I jumped up and rushed into the kitchen, his wife is leaning on the door in the kitchen, laughing gas me cruelly. Wife patted me on the shoulder: ~ What can I say, to make a good name is better than your better by the little damage it!
15, my wife and I have a habit of getting up late the weekend. Time we toss the Bansu night before, when I open my eyes feel like sleeping for a few days, I push the sleep wake up dead pig wrapped around me like a wife: work out the table from under the pillow to watch: to the King: to such a provocation against, then launched to mention knives, but also pitched battle a lot. It just finished, mother called and talked small talk, asked more than one o'clock I did not eat dinner. My wife and I realized that this pig look down the table, half past twelve as seven. Hung up the phone, about wives afterwards, his wife come up with an expression of worship: To that, I do not really come to a fine man die!


16, college, once told my wife at the movies, because the night before playing with the hostel all night poker buddies, so see the film when the bottom half of it is difficult for sleepy, after the consent of his wife agreed to a small squint for a moment. I do not know how long, a girl (sitting on the side of his wife) got up to go out, my wife gently nudged me, I thought it was over, and stumbled to stand up holding the hand of the girl to walk out. Girl shocked, hand-pumping hard outside, the more I have to grip the more tightly drawn, and my heart has whispered: pre-installed so decent people do, coming in just not handle it? Finally the girl anxious, and just sat in my seat hanging on the. I look back to see my wife rip the teeth fierce laugh, next to the girl's boyfriend (I also see the students) are also angry Yuan Deng, I hasten to accompany the smiley face: how a little bit wrong with it! You are too blessed!
17, there was a time popular cross stitch, embroidery wife also joined the ranks of women, not at night into the house to the door step to the second door did not specialize in embroidery, put themselves like with a textile workers. That booing, hand, ended in failure after dinner quiet I can play games online without interference on the ground or something. Can not last, his wife said he embroidered a boring person, not pulled me into the team, I did that reluctantly, but generally has nothing to do. Fortunately we are not born embroidered material, it will not be his wife dismissed half of the evening, and get the reviews are: ~ ~ ~ where the original hard man is not all good!
18, before marriage to buy the car, very hard finish a variety of procedures, so tired I went back to Yang in bed deep breaths. Leap wife ran: curl one's lip: It's that too! Where the difference! . Burongyia ~~~~~~~~ many years finally she did not find a reason to refute me!
19, engaged on the night, my wife is up remover, I silly to cling to his wife from behind: ! his face:
20, is love my wife but does not dwell in me, always exhorted me not because of less obsessed with the wife and external communication, but there is a premise that the call for his wife to call, so that I was very touched. Once dinner out with the unit at the same time, more than nine, his wife sent me a text message. I was just come for a new mobile phone, a female colleague is playing in his hand, carelessly put a message open. She immediately saw red in the face, head down the phone on the side, after three or four minutes to tell me: ? I miss you and your little brother at home!
21, his wife pestered Lingerie shower ramp on the couch, holding a pile of popcorn and watch TV while eating a leisurely, poor me the nails holding one of her feet. I jokingly said: I asked:
22, his wife has a fat little Jiao Elin, in the studio as a makeup artist, is a very beautiful dress up, takes a good wife to her like a person all day long Arlene Arlene short, confused I sometimes are jealous. Arlene dressing up, especially on a theory, his wife just as the Red Book, and never allow others to object. One time my wife and desperately in front of me to reading about Arlene, I snappily said: Arlene had with the Yeah, if I had my first one man is married Arlene! you really do not shock me, I put our house back to sell the house to be modified, to see how you do! :
fact, all men like their women a dignified and solemn temperament on the outside appearance of the extraordinary, fascinating and charming home hot inside.

Fund analysis of three basic errors

 Fund analysis of three basic errors in the published
fund analysis is a serious matter. Erroneous analysis will mislead investors.
There are several common mistakes in here to talk about.
I. percentage increase or decrease the so-called fund positions. Recently, some analysts often can see some of the securities based on analysis software to analyze the movements of the Fund, the most common is the so-called fund of seats net outflow of funds, the net inflow of funds on the market to show empty there is such an obvious common-sense statistical error mm, for example, an a closer look at the text, there is a different judge. the original text said as a percentage to the percentage used. In fact, if last week's positions 65%, the growth of 2% after the position should be (1 +2%) * 65% * 100% = 66.3%, and 67% worse a full 0.7 percentage points.
Second, the so-called Ji Jinjia lighten up. The same is the so-called analysis, it Jijin Jia lighten the judge is also questionable. Jijin Jia is calculated based on the Fund to lighten up a particular point in time (usually a weekend) positions. Let us believe that the close timing of any fund and fund of fund net asset value of total assets is known (the reliability of this data is questionable in itself), then the lighten up on behalf of the Fund plus any behavior? not. The reason is very simple, because even if funds do not do anything in a week, may also lead to two situations: first, hold the securities in which the price changes made during the so-called is an impossible task.
three so-called fund of the are accordingly a number of think, unless the markets are closed, unless the fund companies themselves, who do not know a specific fund shares held by real-time information, let alone real-time calculation of the net. I guess, the general portal and brokerage firms to provide investors with the so-called software the Fund's.

Ford to sell when the door is a statement frequently burst

 Recently, on the sale and acquisition of the automotive world car industry became a topic worthy of careful consideration of the topic. Previous Day - grams of merger and separation of Ford acquisition and sale of Aston. Martin, Land Rover and Jaguar, can be seen Automotive industry consolidation from the previous road towards advocating the separation of a large road walk, large-scale automobile production needs, but large-scale technology will be able to in the competitive market to survive it? sale and separation of the auto giant, Again the acquisition does not indulge in the automotive car giants bring in huge profits, but led to his heavy burden.
loss caused Ford to sell Jaguar and Land Rover
2008, Ford sold Land Rover and G Leopard, so the recent reports on the Ford started to sell Volvo speculation, this by really going to sell Volvo, it is worth elegant. from the current Ford and GM in North America market performance, high oil prices on the world had a serious impact the U.S. auto industry, Ford and GM and other auto giant's sales in the U.S. market have dropped sharply, Ford, GM and Toyota in the U.S. market in June, year over year sales fell 28%, 18.5%, 21.4%, but said Ford's sales decline is the largest. However, the result in decreased sales The main reason is high oil prices, Ford's former Aston. Martin, Land Rover and Jaguar brands are the fuel consumption of a high-end models.
Ford sold Aston earlier. Martin is the main reason for this , because the Jaguar and Ford cars to share the chassis, to reduce development costs, and some parts taken from the Ford, Jaguar, Land Rover brand to another, it will enable to further reduce the cost of each other. Although Aspen Gordon Martin was profitable in 2006 and is a money-losing Jaguar, Ford still decided to sell Aston Martin, only because the Aston. Martin, a single and too high-end cars, so Ford is not conducive to long term global strategy. But Time passed and two years, Ford sold Jaguar and Land Rover, or, which is the media coverage in 2007, Ford may sell Land Rover and Jaguar, and ultimately become a reality. Ford sold Aston eventually. Martin vehicles, Land Rover and Jaguar on the harvest of 43 billion U.S. dollars, to fill the Ford part of the loss.
Volvo will be sold?
recently, the major media also rumored to sell Volvo, Ford, and even some Domestic media also reported that some companies may buy Volvo car, SAIC and Dongfeng have been involved in Ford Waugh, who ultimately do not know who 忽悠, 忽悠 the public or the media in the media 忽悠 Ford cleanup? Anyway, been fooled without the knowledge of the public is gone. So, Ford is really going to sell Volvo do?
from Waugh Calvo 2007, the market performance in China, Volvo car sales in China to complete about 12,500 units, an increase of more than 73%, which accounted for more than half the sales of S40 is the Volvo China has for 3 years to maintain the growth rate of more than 50% is in Volvo's second fastest growth rate of the global market. Volvo also C70, C30, XC90 Sport, S80T6AWD other models, a huge market in China, who are willing to fat to the mouth to the other person.
GM and Ford have announced a new round of production cuts. particularly trucks and sport utility vehicles (SUV) sales accelerate the decline and increasing small cars and cross- vehicle into two U.S. auto giant is also consistent choice. Of course, Ford is no exception, as higher oil prices and the subprime mortgage crisis led to drastic change direction throughout the North American market, Ford is also the focus of a comprehensive and cross-border transfer to the car to small car, will increase the production of small cars and Fox. can predict, Ford's future focus will shift towards the small car market in recent years in the auto show debut of the Ford Verve concept car, and this concept car designed by the new Ford Fiesta will be the year Asia and Europe, have clearly indicated that changes in the strategic planning of future models.
course, or small boat U-turn, for a world auto giants Ford, how to more easily adjust their strategic direction, I am afraid that is a difficult task But one after another to get rid of the burden may be for Ford to inject new vitality of the market. However, the future of the automotive consumer market, is not such as Aston. Martin, Land Rover and Jaguar, Volvo and other luxury cars have no the market, certainly not, the luxury car market has been the high fuel consumption will be, but the market will become increasingly smaller. from the rest of Ford's Lincoln now only high-emission luxury brands, Ford's future small cars even though the adjustment strategy, Ford will retain the appropriate number of high-end brand models, which enhance the brand image of Ford helpful. Lincoln cars less, and Volvo models are more, rather than sell Lincoln, but also unwilling to sell Volvo, The local Ford Lincoln as a brand and less likely to sell, so I personally feel that the possibility of selling Volvo, very few, unless Ford is really crazy! or Ford not Ford's capital financing led to strand breaks.

2011-2015 China PV inverter industry developments and investment in strategic planning of ...

 2006-2010 Chapter VI of PV inverter manufacturing industry key data on the monitoring and analysis (3921)
first 2006-2010, Nov. section of PV inverters scale analysis
a manufacturing industry, business growth in the number of
Second, increase in the number of practitioners
Third, growth of assets under Section
November 2010 PV Inverter
a manufacturing industry structure analysis, structural analysis of the number of firms
1, different types of
2,
two different forms of ownership analysis, structural analysis of sales
1, different types of
2, section III, different forms of ownership of
November 2006-2010 China PV inverter output analysis
a manufacturing industry, growth analysis
finished second, industry sales value of
Third, export delivery value of the fourth quarter 2006-2010 November
PV inverter cost of manufacturing industries
a cost of sales analysis
Second, the cost of Section V of
2006-2010 November manufacturing of PV inverters
a profitability analysis, the main indicators of profitability
Second, the main indicators of profitability analysis

Chapter XIV of PV in 2010 Operation of the inverter
Section related industries introduced
a photovoltaic, photovoltaic power generation principle and classification
two components with photovoltaic power generation system
three photovoltaic power generation system described
four comparative advantages of solar photovoltaic
Section 2010 China PV industry overview
First, the Chinese need for the development of photovoltaic power generation
Second, China's solar photovoltaic industry has entered a rapid development of
Third, application of solar photovoltaic technology research and development of significant progress in
four solar photovoltaic power generation in China will launch a fixed electricity price
five solar photovoltaic power generation in China will become the mainstream energy in the form
six key research needs of photovoltaic power generation field demonstration
seven, around the solar photovoltaic industry in China, and project development
Section 2010 of dialysis
PV market in China First, China's PV market conditions gradually mature
Second, China's large-scale photovoltaic power generation market will start
Third, foreign sights on China PV market
four urgent need to develop the domestic PV market policies Section IV support
PV industry in China 2011-2015 Forecast of PV inverters and impact analysis

chapter overview of photovoltaic inverter industry
Section inverse correlation Description
a modulator, the three constitute the inverter
two main products
three inverter, inverter type
four main parameters of the inverter
Inverter Inverter II
a way to focus the inverter
II string inverter
three groups, multiple string inverters
four components inverter < br> Section III
a PV inverter, solar inverter defined
Second, the structure of PV inverters
Third, the classification of PV inverters
1, isolated way
2, Section IV mode
inverter solar power plant electromagnetic components
V PV inverter industry chain structure

Chapter 2010 upstream of the PV inverter depth study of business
Section Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (Japan)-IGBT, MOFET
II module manufacturer Infineon (Germany)-IGBT module manufacturers
III Fuji Electric Corporation (Japan)-IGBT, IPM, PIM module manufacturers
IV International Rectifier Corporation (Germany)-IGBT, MOFET manufacturer


Chapter VIII of PV inverters 2006-2009, import and export data monitoring and analysis (85044099)
Section 2006-2009, imports of PV inverters
a data analysis, quantitative analysis of imports
Second, the import amount of
Section of PV inverters 2006-2009, data analysis
an export, the export volume of
II Section III export value of
PV inverters 2006-2009 average unit price of imports and exports of
Section IV of PV inverters 2006-2009, import and export countries and regions of
I. importing countries and regions of
Second, the export countries and regions of

Chapter 2010 World PV Inverter operating status of the industry as a whole first section of the 2010 World
inverter industry analysis
an operating environment, economic environment analysis
Second, the policy environment
II 2010 World PV Inverter Market News
First, the world's largest production base of solar power inverter located in Denver
Second, Schneider Electric to complete the world leader in the inverter market, the acquisition of Xantrex three
Panasonic introduced six GaN transistors integrated single-chip inverter
IV, SMA production in the U.S. investment
five inverters, the latest inverter maximum power of 97.7%
Section III of the 2010 World PV inverter industry market structure
running one of the world highlights the inverter market
Second, new progress in the world Inverter technology
three in the world market supply and demand of the inverter IV
Section 2010, to run the world's major countries of
an inverter, the United States
II, Japan
three German World 2011-2015
V inverter industry trend analysis

Chapter 2010 global PV inverter running the core business of
Section Advanced Engergy Corporation (USA)
II SMA (Germany)
III Xantrex Technology Co. Company (Canada)
IV Enphase Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (USA)
V Sputnik Engineering Ltd. (Switzerland)
Group VI Fronius (Austria)
VII Delta Group (Taiwan)
VIII Outback Power System (U.S.)
IX KACO Geraetetechnik GmbH (Germany)
thereto Satcon Corporation (USA)

Chapter XIII of 2010 photovoltaic inverter equipment company research
Section SMT equipment vendors depth research
Section reflow, wave soldering equipment manufacturers assembly line depth research
Section IV equipment manufacturers aging research pipeline equipment manufacturers
research

Chapter 2010 China PV inverter operation of the market trend analysis of the industry
Section 2010 PV inverter industry in China Summarization
First, the Chinese PV Features of the inverter industry
Second, the PV inverter industry structure
three regional analysis, penetration of the field of photovoltaic inverters
Section 2010, China's PV inverter technology dialysis < br> First, China's PV inverter technology
Second, China's PV inverter technology progress of
Third, the core technology of photovoltaic inverters contrast
four, micro-inverter technology
Section 2010, the Chinese problems in the inverter market analysis

Chapter 2010 China PV inverter market competition dialysis
Section 2010 of PV inverters market competition
a device, the inverter increasingly competitive market
two off-site solar energy enterprises in Shenzhen, PV inverter industry in China
a competitive situation, technical competitive analysis
II, III
cost competitive analysis of PV inverter modulator
a market concentration analysis, market concentration analysis
Second, the regional concentration of
Section IV of PV inverters 2011-2015 competition in the industry trend analysis

Chapter 2010 China PV inverters operating environment industry market analysis
Section 2010 of China's macro economic environment
one of China's GDP
Second, China's industrial development situation
three, all Investment in fixed assets
Fourth, import and export volume and growth rate analysis
five, six
consumer price index analysis, urban and rural incomes of
July, total retail sales of social consumer goods
II 2010 China PV inverter market analysis
a policy environment, trade policy
Second, the relevant industry policies
Third, import and export policy analysis
Section 2010 of PV Inverter Technology Environmental Analysis

2011-2015 China PV inverter industry dynamics and strategic planning of investment forecast
------------------------ ---------------------------------< br>〗 〖report format paper version: 6000 yuan】 【E-Edition : 6500 yuan】 【paper + electronic: 6800 yuan
〗 〖Published in February 2011
publishers〗 〖Institute of Industrial Economics
〖Order〗 〖Contact Person Telephone Jun
〗 〖company website

XII 2010 PV Inverter depth study of downstream device
Section Solon (Germany)
Section IBC Solar (Germany)
Section krannich (Germany)
IV Phoenix Solar (Germany )
V Beijing Jike Energy New Technology Development Company


【Catalog】

2010, China Chapter advantage of the competitiveness of enterprises inverter and critical data analysis
Section Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd. Shenzhen Auto Motion (002227)
I. About
II
business analysis three major economic indicators, corporate profitability analysis < br> Four, Five
enterprise solvency analysis, capacity analysis
six business operations, business development capacity analysis
II TBEA Co., Ltd. (600089)
one of the Enterprise < br> Second, enterprises of major economic indicators
three, four
profitability analysis, enterprise solvency analysis
five, six
business operations capacity analysis, capacity analysis
s business growth three three subjects Electric Co., Ltd. Zhejiang
I. About
Second, enterprises of major economic indicators
three, four
profitability analysis, enterprise solvency analysis
five, enterprise operations Ability
six enterprises growth of
IV Zhongshan Star Appliance Co., Ltd.
power of a Profile of the Company
Second, enterprises of major economic indicators
Third, corporate profitability analysis
IV
five business solvency analysis, capacity analysis
six business operations, business development capacity analysis
V Beijing Sevenstar Fulang Te Electronics Co., Ltd.
I. About
Second, enterprises of major economic indicators
three, four
profitability analysis, enterprise solvency analysis
five, six
business operations capacity analysis, business development capacity analysis < br> VI Creative Galaxy Electric (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.
I. About
Second, enterprises of major economic indicators
three, four
profitability analysis, enterprise solvency analysis < br> Five, six
business operations capacity analysis, business development capacity analysis
VII Technology Co., Ltd. of Wuhan can create
I. About
II
business analysis three main economic indicators , profitability analysis
four, five companies
solvency analysis, capacity analysis
six business operations, business development capacity analysis
VIII, Shenzhen, Swiss Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Inco
A Profile of the Company
Second, enterprises of major economic indicators
three, four
profitability analysis, enterprise solvency analysis
five, six
business operations capacity analysis, business growth Ability
IX British Electric Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing claims
I. About
Second, enterprises of major economic indicators
three, four
profitability analysis, enterprise solvency analysis
five, enterprise operating capacity of
VI, Section X
enterprises growth of new technology Beijing Feng Electric Railway
a technology development company, business profile
Second, enterprises main economic indicators analysis
Third, Fourth
profitability analysis, enterprise solvency analysis
five, six
business operations capacity analysis, business development capacity analysis

Chapter XVI 2011-2015 PV inverter industry in China guidelines for investment opportunities and risk aversion
Section 2011-2015 PV inverter industry in China investment profile
a photovoltaic inverter industry investment properties
Second, investment in PV inverter industry policy interpretation
three photovoltaic inverter production line investment analysis
1, Project background and market forecast
2, the scale of investment (hundred MW inverter project)
II 2011-2015 China PV inverter industry investment opportunity analysis
First, the investment potential of
Second, and related investment opportunities in the industrial chain of
Section III of PV inverters 2011-2015 Investment risk warning
an industry, macro-control policy risks
Second, market competition, risk
three, four
technical risk, market risk
fourth quarter operating system expert investment advice

Chapter XV of the 2011-2015 PV inverter industry in China Trends and Prospects of China's 2011-2015 Section
PV inverter industry
a prospective analysis, the inverter market development forecast of
Second, car inverter market prospects < br> 2011-2015 Section II of PV Inverter Market Forecast Analysis of the industry
an inverter prediction of market supply situation
Second, the inverter market demand forecast analysis
III Inverter trade markets
III 2011-2015 Forecast and Analysis of PV inverter market analysis profit forecast

Chapter VII of the 2010 China PV Inverter Market Situation Analysis
Section 2010 of PV inverter market supply and demand analysis
First, the market supply situation analysis
Second, the market demand analysis
three factors that affect market supply and demand analysis
Section 2010, the price of PV inverter market analysis
a market pricing mechanism
Second, the price trend
three constraints price volatility of the factor analysis

tables and charts:
Chart:
inverter circuit diagram: Guangzhou Post Inverter Products Division
Chart: DC24V TO AC220V Inverter parameter table
Chart: 2005 - 2010 China's GDP, and growth trends
chart: the first quarter of 2010 tertiary industry added value of China's structure chart
:2008-2010, China CPI, PPI monthly chart
chart :2005-2010 annual disposable income of urban residents increased trend charts
:2005-2010, China's rural residents per capita net income growth trend charts
:2000-2009, growth in per capita income of urban and rural residents in China Figure
comparison chart: The Engel coefficient of urban and rural residents in China, 1978-2009 Table
comparison chart :1978-2009 Engel coefficient of urban and rural residents in China Chart
chart :2005-2009 trend growth in industrial added value of China
chart :2005-2010 Fixed investment in China Chart
chart :2005-2010, China's urban fixed asset investment comparison chart
chart :2005-2009, China's fiscal income and expenditure charts
Chart: January 2009 -2010 In April the central parity of RMB against the U.S. dollar
charts: April 2010 RMB exchange rate table
Chart: January 2009 -2010 in March money supply in China, Statistics Unit: billion
Chart: January 2009 -2010 in March the Chinese money supply growth chart chart
:2001-2009, China's foreign exchange reserves chart charts
:2005-2009, and the growth rate of China's foreign exchange reserves Figure
chart changes: December 23, 2008 Chinese yuan interest rate adjustment table
chart :2007-2008 the central bank to adjust interest rates time and magnitude of previous table
Chart: China over the years reserve ratio adjustments Tables
chart :2005-2010, China's total retail sales of social consumer goods increased trend charts
:2005-2010, China's total import and export of goods
chart chart :2005-2010, China's total imports and total exports of goods movement Figure
chart :2005-2009, employment in China Chart
chart :2005-2009 China's urban employment chart
chart :1978-2009, China's birth rate, death rate and natural growth rate of trend Figure
chart :1978-2009, China's total population growth trends
Chart: 2009 population and its components
chart :1978-2009 China's urbanization rate chart
chart: 2005 -2009 years of research and experimental development (R & D) expenditure chart charts
:2006-November 2010 solar inverter manufacturing industry in China the number of firms and the growth rate of the unit of analysis: a
chart: 2006-2010 November manufacturing of PV inverters and the growth of the number of loss-making enterprises Unit:
chart :2006-November 2010 solar inverter manufacturing industries in China the number of practitioners and an increase of the unit of analysis : a
chart :2006-November 2010 manufacturer of PV inverters of the total assets of Unit: billion
chart: 2010 PV Inverter the number of manufacturing units of different types of enterprises: a
chart: 2010 PV Inverter the number of manufacturing enterprises of different ownership units: a
Chart: 2010 China PV inverters of different types of manufacturing industry sales income Unit: thousands
chart: 2010 China PV inverter manufacturing industry sales income of different ownership unit: thousand
chart :2006-November 2010 China's photovoltaic inverter manufacturers of finished products and growth analysis Unit: billion
chart: 2006-2010 November manufacturer of PV inverters industrial sales output value of unit: billion
chart :2006-November 2010 solar inverter manufactured in China export delivery value of Unit: billion
Chart :2006-November 2010 solar inverter manufacturing industry in China in cost of sales analysis unit: billion yuan
chart :2006-November 2010 solar inverter manufacturing industry in China cost analysis Unit: billion yuan < br> Chart :2006-November 2010 solar inverter manufacturing industry in China the main indicators of profitability Unit: billion
chart :2006-November 2010 solar inverter manufacturing industry in China the main indicators of profitability
chart :2006-2009, China imported quantitative analysis of PV inverter
chart :2006-2009, China imported amount of PV inverter
chart :2006-2009 PV Inverter quantitative analysis of the outlet diagram
:2006-2009 export value of China's PV inverters of
chart :2006-2009, China import and export average unit price of PV inverters of
chart :2006-2009 China's PV inverters of the importing countries and regions :2006-2009
chart of PV inverters
export countries and regions of the chart: Shenzhen Auto Electric Power Equipment Co., Ltd. Xun major economic indicators of trends Figure
Chart: Electric Power Equipment Co., Ltd. Shenzhen Auto Motion Chart
operating income chart: Shenzhen Auto Electric Power Equipment Co., Ltd. profit targets fast chart
Chart: Shenzhen Auto Motion Limited Shares of electrical equipment Figure
chart company liabilities: Shenzhen Auto Electric Power Equipment Co., Ltd. debt indicators Motion Chart
Chart: Electric Power Equipment Co., Ltd. Shenzhen Auto Motion Chart
operating capability index charts: Shenzhen Auto Motion Power Equipment Co., Ltd. capability index growth charts
Chart: TBEA Co., Ltd. Main Economic Indicators Chart
Chart: Operating income TBEA Co.
Chart Chart: Share TBEA Limited profitability indicators chart
Chart: Limited liabilities TBEA Figure
Chart: Limited liability indicators TBEA
Chart Chart: Limited operational capacity TBEA trend indicators Figure
Chart: Limited ability to grow TBEA index chart
chart: three subjects Electric Co., Ltd. Zhejiang major economic indicators chart
Chart: Electrical Appliance Co., Ltd. Zhejiang Branch operating income of the three charts
Chart: Zhejiang Electric Co. profit targets three subjects
Chart Chart: Zhejiang Electric Co., Ltd. and liabilities of three subjects Figure
chart: three subjects Electric Co., Ltd. Zhejiang debt indicators chart
Chart: Zhejiang, three subjects Electric Co., Ltd. operating capability index chart
chart: three subjects Electric Co., Ltd. Zhejiang ability index growth charts
Chart: Zhongshan City Electric Star Appliance Co., Ltd. Main Economic Indicators Chart
Chart: Zhongshan City Electric Operating revenue Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Star Chart
Chart: Zhongshan City Star Appliance Co., Ltd. earnings power indicator charts
Chart: Zhongshan City Electric Appliance Co., Ltd. liabilities Star Chart
Chart: Zhongshan City Electric Star Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. debt indicators chart
Chart: Zhongshan City Electric Appliance Co., Ltd. Star Chart
operating capability index chart: Zhongshan City Electric Appliance Co., Ltd. Star Chart
growth capability index chart: Beijing Sevenstar Fulang Te Electronics Co., Ltd. Main Economic Indicators Chart
Chart: Beijing Sevenstar Fulang Te Electronics Co., Ltd. operating income chart
Chart: Beijing Sevenstar Fulang Te Electronics Co., Ltd. Profit Index Chart
Chart: Beijing Sevenstar Fulang Te Electronics Co., Ltd. and liabilities of Figure
Chart: Beijing Sevenstar Fulang Te Electronics Co., Ltd. debt indicators chart
Chart: Beijing Sevenstar Front Bronte Electronics Co., Ltd. operating capability index chart
Chart: Beijing Sevenstar Fulang Te Electronics Co., Ltd. capability index growth charts
Chart: Creative Galaxy Electric (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Main Economic Indicators Chart
Chart: Creative Galaxy Electric (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. operating income chart
Chart: Creative Galaxy Electric (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.
profit targets Chart Chart: Creative Galaxy Electric (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. liabilities map
Chart: Creative Galaxy Electric (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. debt indicators chart
Chart: Creative Galaxy Electric (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. operating capability index chart
Chart: Creative Galaxy Electric (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. trend growth capability index Figure
Chart: Technology Co., Ltd. of Wuhan can create major economic indicators chart
Chart: Wuhan Technology Co., Ltd. operating income can create charts
Chart: Wuhan Technology Co., Ltd. to create charts
profit targets Charts: Wuhan Technology Co., Ltd. and liabilities to create the chart Figure
: Wuhan Technology Co., Ltd. debt indicators can create charts
chart: to create Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan operational capability index chart
Chart: Wuhan to create Technology Co., Ltd.
growth ability index chart chart: Shenzhen Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Inco Swiss charts
major economic indicators chart: Shenzhen Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Inco Swiss operating income chart
chart: Shenzhen Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Inco profit targets Swiss charts
chart: Shenzhen Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Inco liabilities Swiss Figure
chart: Shenzhen Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. United Kingdom can be liabilities Swiss index chart
Chart: Shenzhen Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Inco Swiss operational capacity indicator charts
Chart: Shenzhen Swiss Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. Inco ability index growth charts
Chart: English Electric Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing claims the major economic Index Chart
Chart: Electrical Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing claims the British charts
operating income chart: Electrical Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing claims the British charts
profitability index charts: Electrical Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing claims and liabilities of the British chart
Chart: Electrical Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing claims liabilities of the British charts
chart indicators: Electrical Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing claims the British charts
operating capability index charts: English Electric Cable Co., Ltd. Beijing ability index growth charts
Chart: Beijing Feng Electric Railway Technology New Technology Development Company
major economic indicators chart chart: Beijing Feng Electric Railway of new technologies and technology development company operating income chart
chart: Beijing Feng Electric Railway technology development of new technologies indicators of corporate profitability chart
chart: Beijing Feng Electric Railway Technology New Technology Development Company and liabilities of Figure
chart: Beijing Feng Electric Railway of new technologies and technology development company debt indicators chart
Charts: New Beijing Feng Electric Railway technology and technology development company operating capability index chart
chart: Beijing Feng Electric Railway technology development of new technology capacity of the company's growth chart indicator charts
: Global inverter for solar energy applications shipments forecast map
Chart: power management semiconductors for solar forecast map
sales charts: half-bridge (left) and full-bridge (right) inverter structure
Chart: Heric
inverter schematic diagram: three phase bridge inverter (left) and NPC three-level inverter (right) Schematic diagram
: Yellow Photovoltaic Technology Co., Ltd. factory in Xi'an vision chart Figure
:2000-2008 vehicle production and sales statistics < br> Chart :2000-2008, vehicle production and sales and growth trends chart
:2007-2015, China's car market size and growth of the inverter trend chart tables
:2007-2015 China Vehicle Inverter Forecast market size and growth Figure
Chart: Industry Life Cycle Figure
Chart: survey of enterprises in a particular brand of the year into the inverter sales charts :1980-2010
the world economy, the advanced economies, emerging and developing economies, growth charts :1980-2010 compared
the United States, Japan and euro zone growth forecast
Comparison Chart: 2008 Year quarter, compared
some economic indicators chart: Year 2008 Some Japanese economic indicators quarterly comparison
chart: 2008 Year-quarter euro-zone economic indicators compare
part of the chart :1980-2010 China, the ASEAN 5 countries, Russia, India's economic growth compared

Olympic City volunteer experience feelings

 Name City volunteers, volunteer service stations in the streets Wanshoulu the Olympic volunteer work experience. Although some hot weather, but our enthusiasm and patience are not reduced, but to play one song after another within the site is the Olympic song to cheer us . wear this blue volunteer T-shirt, fell on the shoulders of more than a responsibility, we represent not only the Olympics, but also represent the image of Beijing and China.
Olympic Games in Beijing today, the fourth positive stage of the starting date of ticket sales, some hope to the people watching the game live on the site are very concerned about the announced ticket information, and to issues of concern to our inquiry. We are based on information provided by Beijing Organizing Committee for the passers-by to answer Ben phase The ticket way through from the newspapers, television and other media get the message, informing passers-by queuing Wukesong Indoor Stadium tickets, and to read the information, told passers-by to reach the provincial venues, the most convenient public transport routes. also passers-by on the purchase of Olympic commemorative badge is very interested, we tell them to the Olympic Organizing Committee approved the purchase of licensed merchandise shop for, and recommended a closer distance Cuiwei, urban and rural Olympic licensed product stores.
in volunteer work We also encountered consultation around the bookstore, bank, etc., the use of the advantages of the more familiar surrounding, we successfully solve problems for pedestrians. During the encounter was not prepared in advance and access map can not directly address the problem, we also volunteer Lin Chi-fang, Minister of buddies get together for the National Library of passers-by want to help. In each of the FAQ for the passers-by, we also learn from each other, enhance understanding of the surrounding services and facilities to better serve people with convenience.
In addition, the site of publicity boards and convenient service also attracted many people. Some people despite muggy weather, stopped to watch before the panels, and still with us to make some exchanges. there are some people site provides the scale weighed in with our help are the specific values.
volunteer service today was relatively smooth, patient answers to win the recognition of pedestrians, and pedestrians thanks also gives us great motivation and encouragement. a short few hours for me was a valuable experience, I feel the charm of volunteers from the heart of the selfless dedication and concerted efforts of the team. in this unforgettable few hours, I feel the passion and people look forward to the Olympics, but also to experience as city volunteers, the joy of participation and dedication to the Olympic Games.
Olympic Games and we are getting closer, close enough to almost feel the heartbeat. than those long-term service in the volunteer site, the site layout of wrestling with the brothers and sisters, as well as through the layers of screening and rigorous training, work of volunteers in Olympic venues, I volunteer a few hours before work and a simple of training and learning is simply negligible. But whatever the length of time, I volunteer service by this time closer with the Olympics, and the volunteer spirit and the Olympic spirit closer. Olympic competition, I also have the opportunity to view live game, I think I Another way would be through contributions to the Olympic Games for the Olympic refueling.
all volunteers willing to physical health and smooth work, would like the Beijing Olympic Games a complete success!

Digital Economy and Information Capitalism - United States Department of Commerce

 Digital Economy and Information Capitalism mm U.S. Department of Commerce Introduction of three annual reports
economy: When the Nasdaq composite index more than 5,000 points from the peak down to a callback to the ultra-low 1,500 points, when all of the risks investors , people's evaluation of the digital economy has been engaged in the process. In the past more than two years, the Wall Street investment analysts to advance the people over the next five years the digital economy of the imagination, and at the highest point on the same day the Nasdaq composite index to the lowest point of the test a low, also hinder people evaluate the objectivity of the digital economy. When most people with the Nasdaq falling over on the digital economy, the negative evaluation of support comments, let us look carefully on the number of U.S. Department of Commerce to determine the economic growth and long-term evaluation, may be helpful for.
U.S. Department of Commerce for three consecutive years since 1998, announced the number three on the Economic research report (1998, described the economic performance of industry to the information technology industry on economic growth, inflation, employment and labor market analysis of the impact of emerging e-commerce in the specific description. three years of studies fully confirmed the information technology the great change driven the U.S. economy.
study in 2000, the Ministry of Commerce of the words used in the past introduction to the report claimed, period of economic and social development, which are built on the basis of digital technology innovation. In this new era, creating new ways of working, new contacts, new products and services and new community model.
above this text, can be seen as the U.S. Department of Commerce to make the overall assessment of the digital economy and the main conclusions, which focused on the expression of the controversial U.S. Department of Commerce figures for the economy's basic attitude. The conclusion drawn is not easy, United States Commerce Department analysts who spent more than three years, a great deal of statistical research, analysis, research and demonstration, Xiabi Luo, June 1999, analysis.
comparison since 1998, the U.S. Department of Commerce issued three consecutive annual reports, and related accessories, you can clearly see that the U.S. government on this unprecedented Basic Evaluation of the digital revolution:
- the U.S. economy is undergoing a profound transformation. This most obvious external signs change, but also one of its fundamental causes, is a revolutionary technological advances. It consists of powerful personal computers, high-speed electronic communications, and Internet. in the past 15 years, information technology, innovation, capital market innovation, business model innovation, information technology products and services, prices continued to fall, to increase investment in the industry, is the U.S. has sustained high economic growth, low inflation, high employment, a the main reason.
- the last five years, the Internet exploded in the United States has entered a growth phase. to the Internet as a symbol of large-scale construction of information infrastructure, the phenomenal growth of e-commerce is changing the way corporate management, mergers and acquisitions means and customer service practices, and enterprise relationship management with suppliers, and are allowing people access to information, communication, shopping and entertainment revolution, an unprecedented occurrence.
- The information revolution is that human society ; digital divide . part of the poor in developed countries, most developing countries will likely change in this figure outside.
- new forms of organization, new institutional structure with the new technology, new economy are important components. While the core of the economy, the same as before, is rooted in human nature, rather than any new technological advances, approach is no different (Greenspan language) instilling values to consumers the way, and so on.
- is booming, and emerging e-commerce has become a promising economic model. the rapid development of information technology, substantial growth in U.S. productivity, and changes associated with the growth of information technology, will long continue.
these basic conclusions, on the one hand, describes the status of the United States and the level of the digital economy, on the other hand, reflects the U.S. government's overall assessment of the digital economy. the United States the emerging information revolution, the government faces major challenges, positive and relevant research institutions and enterprises to collaborate, publish annual study digital economy aimed at a timely manner and attitude of the Government's position that, as industrial policy and provide the basis for the formulation of public policy, guide the healthy development of economy and society.
To better understand the U.S. Department of Commerce study on the digital economy, we must first in-depth understanding of the past 15 years the history of technological change, formation, size and development. Because of rapid technological change and complexity, but also the very wide range of related fields, causing people to understand the obstacles for the information revolution. is changing so fast and so large amount of information, making it difficult to catch up. theoretical model of the digital economy can not be early in its development set up, so, case studies and sample surveys have become the main tool of the digital economy. whether it is business or government, whether it is non-profit organizations or the private sector, a large number of the Internet and digital economy generated research institutions. even in the U.S. presidential race The candidates if they do not show the Internet and e-commerce for the national strategy, you will lose a lot of votes. In short, in order to determine and measure these changes, ideas, innovations and changes in the way of thinking is extremely important. at least people can not then the existing classification and > nearly 15 years, the U.S. economy the most noteworthy is that the field of information technology investment in gross domestic product (GDP) appears twice in the share of rapid growth. This growth is accompanied by two two major technological change, and a new pillar of global companies. The two major changes in technology and promote industrial structure from the longitudinal vertical structure, horizontal structure to the horizontal integration, penetration, led to two major investment expansion.
The first big investment growth from 4.9% growth in 1985 to 6.3% in 1990, when PC penetration into homes and offices. the computer industry evolved from vertical to horizontal industrial industry, personal computer (PC) widely used, adapted a commercial operation, to support the Dow Jones index broke the thousand point mark, produced as Intel, Microsoft and other U.S. economic pillars of the new company, as well as IBM, APPLE, HP, DEC, COMPAQ and a number of computer industry companies.
The second largest investment growth, from 6.4% in 1993 to 8.2% in 1998, began in 1993 driven by the Internet communication activities outbreak. Computer and Communication, combine to produce the Internet, the communications industry have a tremendous impact on the vertical , rewrite the exchange, to create and engage in commercial trade, to support the Dow Jones index broke the ten thousand mark, the continuous generation of like America Online (AOL), Cisco (Cisco) and other new economic pillars, as well as Yahoo, Netscape, @ home , Lycos, Amason, ebay and so many new Internet, e-commerce company. created only 15 years of the new technology company AOL (1640 billion in market value), mergers and ace media giant Time Warner years (840 billion in market value) of the miracle. According to statistics, since Netscape the market, the United States has more than 300 Internet-related stocks listed in 2000 is estimated to increase to 400 the total number of these have been listed and ready to be listed in the new company, gathered from the global capital markets to absorb a large number of capital and wealth to the rapid rise of ultra-conventional way, drive the information technology industry in the total share of nominal GDP growth of nearly 15% in a profound impact on the U.S. economy and social life.
Now, a new round of technology changes under way, and may drive the field of information technology, investment growth in the third largest. Industry experts believe that with the narrow-band Internet is different from the information infrastructure to support broadband and data services will drive bandwidth consumption of U.S. companies to continue to promote the assimilation of technology the U.S. economy, will also produce a large number of new economic pillar enterprises. As broadband service itself has a network of digital features, the new round of industrial revolution is bound to the personal computer revolution, the Internet revolution, based on and to start a more intense form of globalization.
U.S. information technology, Internet and e-commerce to further the penetration of the traditional industries, restructuring and integration of the state show that a cross-border, large, service-oriented economy in the new market is formation, industry estimates the size of this new market will be a narrow-band Internet, personal computers and thousands of times the size of the two markets. Meanwhile, the United States more people to further rely on the global broadband network, life and consumption in the next few During the year, will result in a physical community (real economy) corresponds to the virtual community (virtual economy) eventually emerged.
Second, on the three-digit economic growth in the number of U.S. law
drive the main driver of economic growth One is the rapid development of information technology, and it caused a decline in production and service costs and product economy to a service economy in transition. of information technology on the digital economy, driven from the Kraft Law transistors integrated in a semiconductor wafer manufacturing, which is .60 years after the chip, the chip's integrated double every 18 months, at the same time, chip prices are six sub-number (106) in the fall, which is the famous The Moore's Law. chip performance doubles every 18 months, less than half the price situation has been for 30 years, Bell Labs and the U.S. Department of Commerce estimates were made: this situation will continue for 20 years. Correspondingly, the changes in optical communications, semiconductor and computer people cf the area of Moore's Law, the Internet communications found a new Moore's Law: Internet backbone bandwidth every 6 to 9 months to double. This shows that Moore's Law, based on the communication changes in the field to the computer field is two to three times the speed of progress. Moore's Law and Moore's law reveals new semiconductor and optical communications within the information technology industry as the two engines to index the form of continuing to promote the information industry revolution.
- Metcalfe's Law. The value of computer networks, the number of nodes into a quadratic equation with the relationship, this is the famous Metcalfe regulations. In other words, the number of computers relative to the Internet more, its economy and greater social impact. Economists information technology phenomenon called development of new software, etc.), but adding a new user to an existing network costs are very low. Conversely, when very few network participants, when the value of the network for the participants is very low, but when the network participants increasing number of time, its value to rise. For example, a telephone network is of no use, but also added a telephone has increased the value of the network. As more and more calls to join, may be The contact number will rise. With the continuous expansion of network scale, commercial productivity gains will approach faster than the speed of simple arithmetic increase. Metcalfe's Law reveals the value of the Internet with the growth in the number of users The arithmetic progression was (polynomial) growth or growth in the rules of quadratic equations.
- Yahoo laws. Moore's Law and the new Moore's Law is proven by practice, Metcalfe law theory has proved accurate. Following Moore's Law, Metcalfe's Law, the digital economy coming out of the than, the Internet will continue to be put in place a huge money. digital economy, when capital market access to the information technology industry, large-scale time, it is also growth in the digital economy, when an explosion.
from the three law-digit economic growth can be seen, semiconductor technology, computer technology, Internet communications technology constant change, growth in the digital economy is a major cause. In the interaction of technology and market, the information technology industry, investment growth, especially in the capital market-driven digital economy and innovation, but also a number of important factors of economic growth. In information technology in all walks of life in the process, the innovative business model also accelerated the growth of the digital economy.
In short, the digital economy, the growth of the formation of its own logic. chip capacity, the tremendous growth of optical transmission capacity and cost, for the computer and the Internet provide a technical basis, leading to a variety of network and software innovations; Then, the explosive growth of the Internet to promote a commercial organization and mode of operation of the main changes, leading to the main body and individuals to commercial products and services various aspects of innovation. Information technology is constantly changing technological change and business models, organizational change management in the rapidly growing interactive. Why break the monopoly and the achievement of full competition can benefit the end consumers, a large extent, the application of rapid technological change and diffusion, making the rapid decline in the cost of products and services, the declining cost far less than the cost of consumption in the competition.
Third, on the history of the Internet and its explosive growth following the 80
the mid-PC penetration to the home and office after the mid-90's explosive popularity of the Internet began to open, its economic and social impact of any technology in human history and production tools can not match. In the United States ahead of any of the digital economy Behind the countries and regions, we find that the United States is not only the birthplace of the Internet, and the fact that the center has become a global Internet. to understand this history and the reasons for understanding the digital economy is very good.
s First, the Internet's history and the birthplace of the late
60, the U.S. Department of Defense commissioned a study from Stanford University, the main contents are: how to ensure that nuclear strike even if by accident, the United States can still effectively use the military chain of command . According to this request, the network is designed to be dispersed, without the center, each node on the network can be a command and control centers, have generated, receive and transmit information. online information is broken down in a node as a or communication lines were destroyed, the packet can still be transmitted through other paths, and sent to the destination. no one even thought of this design concept to create the Internet.
According to this design, the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency established ARPANET, was it only four computers connected. Later, the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded and the company leased the MCI communication line, the nation's five supercomputer centers are joined together to establish a NSFnet. After further upgrade and after speed, NSFnet be open to the public as the most important backbone of the Internet. When in 1983, TCP / IP as the communication protocol standard ARPANET, the Internet has finally been born. In fact, the Internet can be defined as logically through a globally unique address, based on TCP / IP protocol to connect with the global information system. It consists of thousands of interconnected computer systems.
present, the Internet is in its cycle of growth and the starting point for mass market penetration .90 two early to promote the development of their growth, namely: the World Wide Web (WWW or simply Web) the emergence and subsequent such as Netscape (Netscape) the company's Navigator (Navigator) or Microsoft (Microsoft) to explore the company's Internet who (Internet Explorer) and other graphics-based web browser innovation. Today, the Internet has to phone, fax, computer, radio and television to bring together all business.
second commercial created the explosive growth of the Internet
Internet for research and education areas of early communication, with a large number of companies have joined up to the Internet, making Internet content, applications considerably expanded. into the 90's, Internet users followed the explosive growth.
It statistics, the Internet world in 1996 was less than 40 million population, to the end of 1997, more than 1 million more than a year has doubled in the end of 1998 reached 171 million Internet users, Internet users reached the end of .1999 2.59 million, which the United States reached 1.1 million, accounting for 43% of the total global Internet, Japan more than 20 million, 46 million major European countries by the end of .2000, a figure estimated to reach 340 million, compared to 1999 increased 80% over the U.S. and Canada Internet users half of the global online population. estimated that in 2005 the global Internet population will reach 765 million. Another indicator is the measure of growth of the Internet domain name, that the number and size of online agencies around the end of .1996 62.7 million Internet domain names were registered to the end of 1997, the number of registered domain names to be doubled to 150 million, the end of 1998 and reached 300 million .1999 by the end of the global domain name registration is close to 6 million.
Third, the Internet's first-mover advantage to the United States
dominate the high concentration of Internet USA, a US-led global development of the Internet, and in fact has become a global center of Internet business. Internet first came in the United States, to its users began to be widely used abroad, the U.S. domestic market has enormous, and a backbone infrastructure has also been established, and the rest of the world has come to attract a lot of money. Since then, the strength of increasing returns to scale advantages of the United States to further strengthen the Internet. The following indicator reflects the number of US-led Internet Position:
First, the business flow. all international telephone services via the United States, only 30% (even call back and relay transmission), but all Internet traffic there is 90% of business in the United States initiated termination or adoption. The reason is that the major Internet backbone providers in the United States, while outside North America the size of a small amount of limited regional Internet backbone.
Second, the leading Internet content. At present, the most visited Internet 100 a network of sites, 94 are located in the United States. Internet 81% of all web pages in English, and from the United States which account for a very large part.
Third, hosts and users are concentrated in U.S. .1999 year, the U.S. still has all the nearly 60% of Internet users, while the U.S. telephone subscribers account for only 20% of the world. the future development trend of Internet hosts, the United States of the world will tend to reduce the proportion of the total, however, is still dominant. in the foreseeable future, non-OECD countries will still host on the Internet only a very small share. Therefore, the next time the status of the Internet in developing countries will not have any significant changes.
Fourth, in the past, present and future long period of time, the global Internet governance in all major decisions will be made by the United States. code for the Internet domain name policy, although the United States to lose control of some signs, such as the IP address assignment, the decision of protocol parameters, the domain name system management, and basic server system management functions, transferred to a non-profit organization, however, the U.S. representative in the Internet domain code collaborators (The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, ICANN) in the dominant position, as no representative of developing countries, as there is still a fundamental change. currently taking place in the Chinese domain name dispute, from the Internet, the global management of resources is basically unfair share.
short, the U.S. economy created several years to maintain high growth, high employment, low inflation, the historical record, does benefit from its information technology and the Internet has to offer. Most of the reason is that it captures well the mid-80s PC revolution, the Internet revolution in the mid-90s the chance. At the national legal and institutional support for innovative, free and open market environment, through continuous technical innovation and business innovation, it will important to global economic development and strategic resources gathered around . just as it has to rely on economic growth in the industrial world's annual consumption of nearly 2 / 3 of the oil resources, today the U.S. digital economy relies heavily on the rapid growth of 90% of global Internet traffic share the information.
IV on the information technology industry and its impact on the U.S. economy
U.S. Department of Commerce announced in April 1998 the first annual report, the global information infrastructure will support the industry as the information technology industry. The reason why this definition of information technology industry is the result of 90 years of information technology equipment, communications equipment, software and services a wide range of applications, the U.S. domestic market and the gradual integration into the international market with a market. This market dominated by the Internet, the global information infrastructure support. < br> In order to define clearly at the outset the scope of the information technology industry and the boundary, the Commerce Department report, 1999 edition of spending a lot of space, the U.S. Institute of Information Technology, American Electronics Association, the North American Industry Classification System of the information technology industry made a detailed comparison of definition and analysis, the Commerce Department finalized the definition of the information technology industry. It is obvious that the report uses the definition of the information technology industry over the scope of the definition of the first three institutions to be wider, it includes : information technology manufacturing, software and services, communications services, computer equipment and software, wholesale trade, computer equipment and software, retail and so on. Research Report on the information technology industry, the definition of employment, including: all employment in the information technology industry staff, all non-information technology industry and information technology-related staff positions.
order to measure the information technology industry and growth of economic output, inflation, business investment and employment impact and contribution, the study by increasing the value measure the output of the information technology industry. that is, the added value is an industry and all the new income, including wages, benefits, business taxes and profits. all industries combined is the added value of gross domestic income (GDI). adopt this different types of income approach can be drawn in the share of industry in national economy.
information technology industry on the impact of the U.S. economy, as the annual report of 2000 edition, as pointed out in Chapter III: technology industry, the Internet and electronic commerce. information technology company providing information technology support for the economic life of products and services business operations since the mid .90, it is an important factor in these industries, there was rapid and sustained economic growth, inflation rate reductions and numerous technical innovations. improve the information technology industry growth in economic output as a proportion of 6.3% from 1994 to 2000 increased 8.3%.
Second, falling prices of information technology products, reducing overall U.S. inflation. information technology products and services, lower prices, indirectly and directly led to the total U.S. economy, lower inflation rates. Since the mid-90s since the information technology products has intensified the trend of falling prices, leading to overall U.S. inflation fell by 0.5 percentage points .
third, from 1995 to 1999 real GDP growth in the information technology industry accounted for almost one third. the information technology industry output in the United States accounted for 10% of economic output. In 1995 and 1999 years, due to the rapid growth of information technology industry and information technology products and services, lower prices, the information technology industry accounted for U.S. real economic growth 30%.
Fourth, the use of commercial and investment activities of information technology equipment and software continued growth. Between 1995 and 1999, information technology equipment and software, the actual business investment more than doubled, from 243 billion U.S. dollars increased to 510 billion U.S. dollars. In 90 years, information technology equipment and software investment increasing in the United States rapid economic growth, an important factor. all information technology equipment investment average annual increase of 9-10 percentage points, while the 80's, the figure is 5 to 6 percentage points.
Fifth, in order to achieve technological innovation, with a total of development costs increased to 1999 In 1994, total U.S. investment in research and development of the average annual increase of 6% (after inflation), but from 1989 to 1994, this figure is only about 0.3%.
Sixth, information technology to total productivity growth played a huge contribution. In order to effectively use information technology to make the necessary organizational restructuring of the company, than the company has not done so to a greater production capacity. on whether the impact of information technology on productivity A major change in this issue is that some in the past to the simple reason: the U.S. Department of Commerce to expand the definition of information technology, the National Bureau of Economic Analysis software expenditures classified as investment from the current cost.
In short, the digital revolution in the mid-90s on many factors exist before, but From the mid-90s onwards, and potential of the combined effect of these began to emerge substantially, and the huge impact the U.S. economy.
Fifth, on information technology on employment and labor market impact of the proliferation of information technology
and e-commerce has affected the development of commercial business model, forcing people to adopt more flexible forms of organization, improve operational efficiency. competition, international market entry and organizational form of change, affecting the demand for jobs, wage levels and skills requirements, thus affecting the labor market. three annual reports have cited a large amount of data, analysis of employment demand in the information technology industry, wage levels and the development trend of skill requirements, reached the following main conclusions:
- - along with the wage levels and the increasing demand for skills, employment in the information technology industry is growing demand. By 2006, the provision of information technology equipment and services industry, and the use of information technology equipment and services, major industries, will employ about half of (49%) of the private workforce, in 1989 the figure was 44%.
- Internet applications and e-commerce continues to develop, making the and systems analysts) increase in demand, but also created a new information technology professional, changed the number of non-information technology needs of professional skills and improve the work of many low-skilled minimum skill requirements.
- the skills requirements increase, corresponding increase in the wages of workers in information technology. information technology workers and all other workers, the wage gap continued to widen. respond to the labor market, emerged a large number of training facilities, the training of workers from lower skill levels to moderate skill levels can engage in the work of.
- information technology industry and work between employment and unemployment employment in other sectors.
- 1998, the employment in the information technology and other sectors of information technology network services jobs moving a total of about 740 million, accounting for 6.1% of the total labor force. Over the years, information technology jobs the number of total employment growth has been higher than the rate of the mid-90s this becomes even more evident. From 1994 to 1998, the information technology industry employment increased by about 28%, jobs in the same period the network also increased the amount of 22%. with this Correspondingly the same period, the amount of U.S. non-agricultural labor force grew by only 11%.
information technology workers has not only created the computer and communications industries, but also created a number of economic development of vital new knowledge and new ideas and new information. In order to meet the demand for information technology personnel, the U.S. government and the business community have taken a variety of ways to enhance the number of information technology practitioners. If the federal government to implement H1-B visa program to actively attract foreign technicians into the United States, 1998 the number of visas the U.S. Congress to increase from 6.5 million to 11.5 million in 1999, this number has increased to 20 million. According to statistics, 60% entered the U.S. information technology industry. In addition, the government-funded training and by the enterprise provide staff training, are being widely implemented.
six main features of the new economy and its
1999 edition of the U.S. Commerce Department study reports, and published the American Institute for Development Policy, Index the digital economy are in a nascent stage, there are a lot of content overlap and cross, difficult to make a strict distinction.